At a particular ice cream van two types of ice creams are being sold. The small one costs 1 dollar, the big one 2 dollars. Marsha puts an amount of 2 dollars one the counter and gets without asking the big ice cream. Martha also would like to have an ice cream. She also puts an amount of 2 dollars on the counter. Then the ice cream seller asks her which ice cream she would like to have. Assuming that the persons do not know each other, how can you explain their behavior.

A peasant is convicted in China. He gets the death penalty. The judge allows him to say a last sentence in order to determine the way the penalty will be carried out. If the peasant lies, he will be hanged, if he speaks the truth he will be beheaded. The peasant speaks a last sentence and to everybody surprise some minutes later he is set free because the judge cannot determine his penalty.

What did the peasant said?

The local weatherman says No Rain, and his record is 2/3 accuracy of prediction. But the Federal Meteorological Service predicts rain, and their record is 3/4.

With no other data available, what is the chance of rain?